Ask an answerable question (PICO)：
Pain is one of the painful experiences faced by burn patients during dressing change. The daily dressing change process makes the body and psychology suffer great pain. Severe pain may lead to autonomic nerve reactions such as changes in vital signs, and then produce negative feelings. Effective and appropriate pain management can improve the sleep, quality of life and rehabilitation of daily life functions of burn patients. Clinically, in addition to the use of drugs to relieve pain, aromatherapy has been proved by many studies to be helpful in alleviating the degree of pain of patients, and the effect is remarkable. It is expected to explore the dressing change pain of burn patients. Therefore, the clinical question is: "can aromatherapy improve the dressing change pain of burn patients?".
The Method and Analysis of Literature Review：
The keywords and synonyms P: burn patient, I: aromatherapy, O: pain are formed through "Pico", and emtree, PubMed and mesh term are used to search the literature respectively in the Chinese and English databases of Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, clinicalkey for nursing and CEPS based on brin logic principle. A total of 132 literatures are obtained. After screening according to the inclusion and exclusion conditions, a SR and an RCT are selected, CASP is used to evaluate the effectiveness, importance and application, and the classification is carried out according to the 2011 Oxford evidence classification standard.
Critical Appraisal：
Using CASP (2020) version of "10 questions of a systematic review", "random controlled trial Checklist" and 2019 version 2.0 Corcoran error risk assessment tool (Rob 2.0 tool), the two documents were carefully reviewed and classified according to the research evidence level of Oxford CEBM (2011). The two documents were level 1 and level 2 respectively. The results showed that aromatherapy could significantly reduce the pain degree of burn patients (p < .05).
Clinical Application of Evidence：
On the basis of the empirical steps, the problem was improved through special projects. The burn center in Taoyuan hospital was selected as the site of execution, and the burn patients were the recipients. During the period of 4 weeks (from December 10, 2021 to January 17, 2022), the participants were divided into two groups. Comparison of pain evaluation with general routine treatment.
Evaluation of Effectiveness：
From December 10, 2021 to May 30, 2022, after the intervention of aromatherapy, the pain degree of dressing change in the control group decreased from 6.2 points before the intervention to 5.4 points, a total decrease of 0.8 points; The experimental group decreased from 5.9 points before intervention to 3.8 points, with a total decrease of 2.1 points. Compared with the control group, the difference of average pain degree in the experimental group was significantly higher (p < .05).
Conclusions and Recommendations：
The use of aromatherapy can improve the dressing change pain of burn patients. Aromatherapy is a safe and harmless measure. In addition to reducing wound pain, it can also relieve patients' anxiety, reduce medical costs and the use of painkillers, so as to improve the quality and comfort of patients in hospital. It is hoped that this empirical result can provide reference for other medical units, and it is suggested that aromatherapy can be included in the standard operating specifications of pain care in the future, so as to achieve the goal of patient pain care.
